The microbiome and the first 1,000 days of life A healthy human being lives in symbiosis with his microbes or microbiome. The first 1,000 days of life are crucial for developing a healthy and diverse microbiome. The development of a healthy microbiome begins as early as in the womb, where the training of the fetal immune cells begins. Next, the child’s microbiome is influenced by the method of delivery during the birthing process. The largest and most important phase is the postnatal period.