Truck drivers and freight companies run the gauntlet of potholes, hijackers, robbers and crooked officials to transport cargo on some of the world’s most challenging routes. The share of operating costs dedicated to security has increased from about 0.3% to 2.3% over the past decade, rising to as much as 4.1% for transporters carrying high-value cargo such as pharmaceuticals, spirits and electronics, according to logistics and freight security intelligence firm TSI Central Station.