Edvardas Eigminas

Materials and methods All animal work was performed in accordance with the UK Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (amended in 2012) and with European Directive 2010/63/EU on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes. All procedures were approved by the University of Edinburgh’s animal welfare and ethics board, and UK’s Home Office (project license: PPL P04ABDCAA6). P. berghei parasites were maintained in CD-1 mice (Charles River) weighing between 22–32 g.

Abstract Colonisation of the mosquito by the malarial parasite is critically reliant on the invasive ookinete stage. Ookinete invasion of mosquito is coordinated by the apical complex, a specialised parasite structure containing components for secretion, attachment and penetration. While studies have investigated cytoskeletal and secretory elements, it is currently unknown if signalling modules are present or functional at the apical complex.