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Propolis, a resin-like substance produced by bees, has previously shown antimicrobial activity against the ulcer-causing gut pathogen, Helicobacter pylori. South African propolis, however, was yet to be investigated. This study aimed to investigate a comprehensive range of South African propolis for its antimicrobial activity against H. pylori and to investigate toxicity. A total of 51 samples were collected from around South Africa, and comparatively analysed with three Brazilian samples.