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Emily Barnhardt on Muck Rack

Emily Barnhardt

As seen in: Frontiers
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Articles

Cytokine-mediated pathophysiology of equine and human joint disease: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets

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By Tatum Nelson, George Elane, Kallie J. Hobbs, Emily Barnhardt
| Frontiers
Abstract Cytokine-mediated inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of joint disease across species, contributing to synovial activation, cartilage degradation, and structural remodeling. In both equine and human medicine, key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6, regulate intracellular signaling pathways such as NF-κB and JAK/STAT, driving matrix degradation and immune cell recruitment.
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