Epileds Co

Topics Energy levels, Excitons, Charge recombination, Electronic band structure, Epitaxy, Photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Quantum wells Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have many applications, such as facial recognition in smartphones, 3D sensing for augmented reality/virtual reality and autonomous driving, and data communications. The current VCSELs emitting at 940 nm wavelength are manufactured on GaAs substrates.

Topics Quantum confinement, Quantum wells, Epitaxy, Photoluminescence spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction Semiconductor lasers have a wide range of applications in the industry and our daily life. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), developed from the 1980s, have several advantages, compared to edge-emitting lasers, such as wafer-scale testing, uniformity, scalability, circular beam, and single-mode and 2D array.