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Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the human gut and are regarded as potential key factors for health1,2. Characteristics such as diet, lifestyle, or genetics can shape the composition of the gut microbiota2,3,4,5,6 and are usually shared by individuals from comparable ethnic origin. So far, most studies assessing how ethnicity relates to the intestinal microbiota compared small groups living at separate geographical locations7,8,9,10.
Methods and Results We performed a double‐blind randomized controlled pilot study in which 20 male metabolic syndrome patients were randomized to single lean vegan‐donor or autologous fecal microbiota transplantation.
Highlights • Lean donor FMT in obese metabolic syndrome patients improves insulin sensitivity • Beneficial effects of lean donor FMT are transient • Improvement in insulin sensitivity is linked to changes in plasma metabolites • Response to lean donor FMT is driven by baseline fecal microbiota composition Summary The intestinal microbiota has been implicated in insulin resistance, although evidence regarding causality in humans is scarce.
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