Fabiano Barbiero

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a well-established risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, particularly at high levels of consumption. The impact of low-to-moderate PAE on early-life neurodevelopment remains unclear. Low levels of PAE are not associated with cognitive nor language neurodevelopment impairment at 18 months. The possible detrimental role of PAE on early-life motor neurodevelopment warrants further scientific investigation.

Discussion In this study, we analysed the relationship between PAE and early-life child neurodevelopment in an Italian birth cohort that was evaluated previously in relation to chemical exposures.24–26 In our cohort, 41.5% of women reported having consumed one serving of alcohol, between 20 and 22 gestational weeks, of which 20.5% at least four servings per month and 2.2% at least once per day.

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