Fatima Azhar

1 Introduction Flooding is the costliest natural hazard in Australia, making flood risk management studies a legal responsibility in every state and territory. As part of this process, flood hazard mapping is carried out to propose strategic land-use planning. The hazard to people, vehicles and buildings is classified using stability curves provided by Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) (Ball et al. 2019), the industry-standard guideline for flood estimation.

Attention has emerged as the most invaluable resource in the digital marketplace of the 21st century. Now it is a unit of economic exchange, although it was once considered a psychological unit. Nobel laureate Herbert A. Simon first coined the term “attention economy” in 1971 to describe a paradoxical age in which an abundance of information leads to a scarcity of focus. In today’s digital systems, attention is no longer merely observed-it is measured, traded, and monetized.

The political arena is no longer a square or a chamber in decent modern democracies. It lives in the binary schemes of social media platforms, in the immeasurable recommendation engines in the messaging applications that give recommendations of content that are directed to each user. Algorithms are weapons and a battlefield when they influence what we see, hear, and believe.