Frederik Bartels

Get full access to this article View all access and purchase options for this article. Data availability statement The data included in the current study are available from the corresponding author on request. References 1. Okuda DT, Mowry EM, Beheshtian A, et al. Incidental MRI anomalies suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2009; 72: 800–805. 2. Lebrun-Frenay C, Kantarci O, Siva A, et al. Radiologically isolated syndrome: 10-year risk estimate of a clinical event. Ann Neurol 2020; 88(2): 407–417.

A 33-year-old man with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy presented with headache, fever, quadriparesis, and reduced visual acuity in the left eye to the emergency department. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed longitudinally extensive spinal cord hyperintensities and a normal cerebral scan (Figure 1A and Figure 2A). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed an elevated lymphocytic cell count (154 cell/μL).

Abstract Background and Objectives Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is the most common phenotype in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody–associated disease. A previous study demonstrated impaired brain growth in ADEM. However, the effect of MOG antibodies on brain growth remains unknown. Here, we performed brain volume analyses in MOG-positive and MOG-negative ADEM at onset and over time.