Gokula Vasantha

Traditional market research relies on experts’ personal experience or small-scale survey data, which makes it difficult to provide effective and reasonable decision-making support for product design. To improve product design efficiency at the early design stage, a patent data-driven product functional innovation (PFI) method is proposed based on a bipartite network.

1. Introduction Digital innovation through crowdsourcing creates new opportunities to bridge the widening urban–rural employment gap. Crowdsourcing has been loosely defined as “getting a job traditionally performed by a designated agent and contracting it out to an undefined, generally large group of people in an open call” [1].

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