Gourab Dey

We introduce SWAN (Semantic Watermarking with Abstract Meaning Representation)1 , a novel framework that embeds watermark signatures into the semantic structure of a sentence using Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR). In contrast to existing watermarking methods, which typically encode signatures by adjusting token selection preferences during text generation, SWAN embeds the signature directly in the sentence’s semantic representation.

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1 Introduction The family of cysteine cathepsin (CTS) proteases, B, C, F, H, K, L, O, S, V, W, and X, have a papain fold and share a preserved catalytic dyad of cysteine and histidine in their active site to degrade their substrates.[1] CTS are optimally active at acidic pH and are ubiquitously expressed in the lysosomes, where they maintain homeostasis of various cell types and tissues by their degrading capabilities.[2] They are generated as inactive zymogens that are transferred to the...