Graphene Nanoscroll Formation

1 Introduction Graphite and graphene are sp2-hybridized, π-conjugated aromatic carbon allotropes. They represent the most thermodynamically stable carbon phases under ambient conditions, but can transition to sp3-hybridized diamond under high pressure [1, 2]. At the nanoscale, these 2D carbon materials exhibit nearly frictionless sliding (with friction coefficients µ below 10−2) when two surfaces are in incommensurate contact [3, 4].