Guonian Lü

Abstract Harnessing rooftop photovoltaic (RPV) generation to power electric vehicles (EVs) can substantially accelerate the renewable energy transition and carbon mitigation. Yet, the mismatch between electricity generation and charging demand, exacerbated by rapid EV adoption, introduces large uncertainties in charging capacity, economic feasibility and decarbonization potential.

While the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is advancing rapidly, the open-source paradigm offers key pathways and potential risks for accelerating progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and beyond. This comment introduces four governance actions that consider how sustainability, evaluation, safety, and cooperation can be integrated into the transformation of open-source AI, thereby reducing uncertainties and challenges posed by open-source AI for sustainable global prosperity.

Abstract Rooftop photovoltaic (RPV) is often understood as a niche contribution to climate change mitigation. However, the global potential of RPVs to mitigate global warming is unknown. Here we map the global rooftop area at 1-km resolution, quantifying 286,393 km2 of rooftops worldwide through geospatial data mining and artificial intelligence techniques.