Haojie Ying

1 Introduction In 2022, bladder cancer ranked ninth worldwide for incidence and 13th for mortality. In China, an estimated 92,883 new cases placed bladder cancer 11th among all cancers, with a 5-year incidence estimated at 2.5 per 100,000. In the US, 80,404 new cases were recorded, sixth nationwide (1). Urothelial carcinoma, accounting for 90% of bladder tumors, is clinically burdensome and frequently aggressive (2, 3).

Weibo Zheng,1,* Liandong Chen,2,* Haojie Ying,3 Jiawei Lv,2 Binzhe Zhou,4 Chendong Tian,5 Yuchen Wu,2 Qihui Shao,3 Hanyu Xu,3 Bowen Jin3 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, People’s Republic of China; 2The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, People’s Republic of China; 3The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,...