Harini Natarajan

ABSTRACT Background The identification of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) raised against biologic drugs is important for understanding and ensuring efficacy and safety. Because the immunogenicity of novel biologics is unknown before clinical trials, ADA assays are often developed with positivity thresholds assigned based on statistically determined cut-points defined by testing of samples from treatment-naïve donors.

Abstract Outer surface protein A (OspA) is a ~30 kDa lipoprotein displayed on the surface of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the etiological agent of Lyme disease. Here we report on the preclinical evaluation of OspA-encoding nucleoside-modified mRNA lipid nanoparticle (OspA mRNA-LNP) vaccines for the prevention of Lyme disease.

Friendships are essential, and there are moments when no one can boost you up like a friend. But unfortunately, not everyone will want to be your friend. The fact that someone does not want you as a friend can be disappointing, and nobody wants to experience the rejection that comes with it. However, it will help if you recognize when someone has grown apart and is no longer your friend. This article discusses 15 clear signs that someone does not want to be your friend. Keep scrolling.