Higinio Ramos

This study investigates the Pennes bioheat transfer model within the framework of the Virtual Element Method, presenting for the first time its application as a computational approach to analyze the thermal behavior of biological tissues. The virtual element method, conceived as a natural extension of the finite element approach, is particularly advantageous for handling any type of complex meshes within the framework of Galerkin approximation.

1 Introduction Lane's [1] and Emden's [2] groundbreaking research on the thermal properties of a spherical gas cloud led to the development of the Lane-Emden equations. These nonlinear and singular equations have transformed the study of physical phenomena across various scientific and engineering disciplines. For instance, the Lane-Emden-type equations (LETE) have been widely used in different fields, such as chemical engineering, fluid mechanics, physics, and astrophysics.

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