Houssam Abder Rahim

1 Introduction Over the past three decades, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become the preferred approach for many surgical procedures, offering reduced postoperative pain, reduced surgical site infection, shorter hospital stays, and faster return to normal activity compared with traditional open surgery [1]. Coupled with advances in imaging, instrumentation, and surgical robotics, MIS has continually evolved to expand the boundaries of what is technically and clinically possible [2].