Hussam Ali Osman

Introduction For almost four decades, Newborn screening (NBS) has been a major part for the prevention of hemoglobinopathies such as Sickle cell disease (SCD), Thalassemia and other abnormal hemoglobin which aim in avoiding serious health complications from an early age. It was first attempted in the 1970s in the United States of America, Great Britain, and Jamaica.1 Beginning with Alkaline Electrophoresis to more sophisticated and faster method like High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Introduction. During several years of work in Sudan we occasionally had been confronted with patients who presented clinical features highly suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) however direct agglutination test (DAT) readings that were either at the high negative or low positive titre range. Inquiries on the fate of those particular patients revealed mortality undetermined diagnosis or that in some of them leukaemia was finally diagnosed. Gap statement.

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