Hyeseon Han

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.

1. Introduction As COVID-19 becomes endemic, traditional industries, such as production, manufacturing, distribution, and tourism, are recovering, but labor shortages are deepening as digital transformation spreads and various types of jobs increase. In addition, the market for food delivery through app/web has rapidly expanded, due to the unavailability of face-to-face services during the COVID-19 pandemic, and many people who lost their jobs in other industries became engaged in food delivery.