Hyuk Joon Kim

1 Introduction Bicycling is a health-enhancing activity for children, offering recreational enjoyment and a sustainable mode of transportation. It also contributes meaningfully to daily physical activity [1, 2], helping school-aged children meet the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' recommendation of at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day [3, 4].

Despite extensive efforts, foot self-care rates remain low among high-risk patients, directly contributing to the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers. Factors enhancing foot self-care behaviors vary by self-care levels, with foot care knowledge significantly influencing behaviors across all quantile levels. Designing nursing interventions that consider level-specific influencing factors is essential for improving foot self-care behaviors in patients with a history of diabetic foot ulcers.