Izaz Ur Rahman

Abstract Tea is a popular beverage prepared from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, embraced by a good share of the world’s population. However, pests and predators threaten its production, which must be controlled without adversely affecting the natural resources. This research presents a mathematical framework for a predatory tri-trophic system that captures the growth of tea plants, pests, and predators.

Abstract Fractional differential equations (FDEs) have been used extensively to model systems with memory and non-local dynamics, but the high computational cost of evaluation of a fractional derivative means that their numerical solution is difficult to calculate.