Jacek Mielniczuk

Abstract Missing data is a pervasive challenge in environmental monitoring, severely hindering reliable analysis and effective water resource management. This study addresses this issue in the context of the EU Nitrates Directive (91/676/EEC), focusing on the proportion of groundwater monitoring sites expected to exceed the regulatory limit of 50 mg NO₃⁻/L. Overall, 57% of observations were missing, with 99% of monitoring stations experiencing data gaps over the 2000–2024 study period.

Open AccessArticle by Sebastian Kuśmierz 1, Monika Skowrońska 1,*, Przemysław Tkaczyk 1,*, Wojciech Lipiński 2 and Jacek Mielniczuk 3 1 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland 2 National Chemical–Agricultural Station in Warsaw, Żółkiewskiego 17, 05-075 Warszawa, Poland 3 Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland *...