Medical Oncologist, Assistant professor, University of Western Ontario, London. Tweets my own
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Articles by Jacques Raphael
Early mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19 infection treated with immunotherapy - BMC Cancer
We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada’s most populous province with a universal healthcare system using health administrative data at ICES (supplementary 1). ICES is an independent, non-profit research institute whose legal status under Ontario’s health information privacy law allows it to collect and analyze health care and demographic data, without consent, for health system evaluation and improvement.
Durable Response to Atezolizumab in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Leading to 60 Months Overall Survival: A Case Report
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Appraisal of Systemic Treatment Strategies in Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer-A Literature Review
1. Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogenous disease with a wide range of tumor morphology phenotypes [1]. Nearly 75% of BC cases demonstrate luminal differentiation expressing endocrine receptor (ER) positivity [2]. The overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+), determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) methods, accounts for 15–20% of all BC cases [3].
A Multi-Centre Randomized Study Comparing Two Standard of Care Chemotherapy Regimens for Lower-Risk HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
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‘Targeting’ Improved Outcomes with Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer—An Updated Review
1. Introduction Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths [1]. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all new lung cancer cases and more than two-thirds are advanced/metastatic at the initial diagnosis. With the continuing advancements in the genomic underpinnings of lung cancer, it is now at the helm of personalized therapy.
Association between immune-related side effects and efficacy and benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Highlights • Immune checkpoint inhibitors can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs), potentially life-threatening. • There is evidence suggesting a potential association between toxicities and clinical benefit. • This systematic review showed that there appears to be an association between the development of irAEs and anti-tumor effect by ICI.
A Review of Gene Expression Profiling in Early-Stage ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer With A Focus on The PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Assay
INTRODUCTION Over 70% of patients with early-stage breast cancer are diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) disease.1 These patients are typically treated with surgery (mastectomy or breast conserving), followed by adjuvant systemic endocrine therapy with or without adjuvant radiation therapy.2,3 As per European guidelines, the majority of HR+/HER2-/luminal A-like tumours are treated with endocrine therapy alone, although...
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors in advanced breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication HistoryPublished online: January 10, 2018Accepted: December 7, 2017; Received in revised form: December 1, 2017; Received: October 17, 2017;
Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and stromal CD68 in early stage HER2 positive breast cancer
High levels of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) at diagnosis were shown to be associated with decreased distant recurrence rates in triple negative breast cancer (BC) and increased trastuzumab (T) benefit in HER2+ disease.1 However, conflicting data showed that HER2+ cases with high TILs might not benefit from the addition of T to chemotherapy.2 Moreover, emerging literature suggests association between high tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and poor prognosis in patients with BC.3...
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