Jake Barber

Abstract Because mutation rates vary widely across genomes and environments, natural selection is typically presented with highly biased variation. Yet, the idea that mutational tendencies can influence adaptation is still controversial. While mutation-driven adaptation has been observed in diverse taxa, critics contend it reflects small populations or weak-effect mutations.

Several reasons for UFO sightings came up in the previous sections. UFOs were described as “hyperdimensional” in nature, having their origin in a higher spatial dimension (or hyperspace), a realm which is normally invisible to us. To enter the world of our perception, they must cross through a perceptual and dimensional boundary, similarly to how the 3D sphere-being interacts with 2D square-beings in Edwin Abbott Abbott’s Flatland.

Abstract Global ecosystems are rapidly approaching tipping points, where minute shifts can lead to drastic ecological changes. Theory predicts that evolution can shape a system’s tipping point behaviour, but direct experimental support is lacking. Here we investigate the power of evolutionary processes to alter these critical thresholds and protect an ecological community from collapse.