Janitha Plackal Ayyappan

Introduction The metabolic and chronic disorder of diabetes mellitus (DM) is also associated with the ocular complication of diabetic retinopathy (DR) – a leading blinding condition among working professionals.1 Vision is an integral part of individual’s daily routine2 and impaired visual status due to DR is known to have an adverse psychological and social impact.3 Visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy can often lead to anxiety, depression or social isolation.4 Such negative mental...

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) has arisen as a main public health challenge in the 21st century because of its widespread prevalence worldwide.1 The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that in 2021, the global prevalence of DM among individuals aged 20–79 years was 10.5%, which translates to a total of 536.6 million people.2 Furthermore, the IDF predicts that this figure will increase to 12.2% by the year 2045, totaling 783.2 million people.