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Articles by Jennifer Clack
Computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull of the stem tetrapod Crassigyrinus scoticus Watson, 1929
MATERIALS AND METHODS Three C. scoticus specimens—NHMUK VP R10000, NHMUK VP R310, and GSE 4722—were µCT-scanned at the Imaging and Analysis Centre of the Natural History Museum (London, U.K.) while a fourth specimen (NHMUK PV OR30532) was scanned at the University of Bristol Life Sciences Building (Bristol, U.K.). All specimens were scanned on Nikon XT H 225 µCT scanners (Nikon Metrology, Tring, U.K.), producing a total of 10 µCT data sets ().
Functional adaptive landscapes predict terrestrial capacity at the origin of limbs
Abstract The acquisition of terrestrial, limb-based locomotion during tetrapod evolution has remained a subject of debate for more than a century1,2. Our current understanding of the locomotor transition from water to land is largely based on a few exemplar fossils such as Tiktaalik3, Acanthostega4, Ichthyostega5 and Pederpes6. However, isolated bony elements may reveal hidden functional diversity, providing a more comprehensive evolutionary perspective7.
The smallest known Devonian tetrapod shows unexpectedly derived features
1. Introduction In 1987, an expedition to East Greenland mounted by the University of Cambridge and the Geological Museum Copenhagen, under the auspices of the Greenland Geological Survey, collected a large number of specimens of the Devonian tetrapods Acanthostega and Ichthyostega [1]. These have been described in much detail in a series of publications [2–13].
Morphology of the earliest reconstructable tetrapod Parmastega aelidae
Abstract The known diversity of tetrapods of the Devonian period has increased markedly in recent decades, but their fossil record consists mostly of tantalizing fragments1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15.
Bony lesions in early tetrapods and the evolution of mineralized tissue repair
Akimenko, M. A., Johnson, S. L., Westerfield, M., and Ekker, M.. 1995. Differential induction of four Msx homeobox genes during fin development and regeneration in zebrafish. Development 121:347–357. Akimenko, M., Marí-Beffa, M., Becerra, J., and Géraudie, J.. 2003. Old questions, new tools, and some answers to the mystery of fin regeneration. Developmental Dynamics 226:190–201. Akimenko, M., and Smith, A.. 2007. Paired fin repair and regeneration. Pp. 152–162 in Hall, B. K., ed.
Acherontiscus caledoniae: the earliest heterodont and durophagous tetrapod
1. Introduction The Early Carboniferous Period (Mississippian) saw the dawn of continental tetrapod diversity. Pentadactylous limbs [1], increased eye size [2], steep-sided skulls [3] and a wide range of body sizes are found among Tournaisian forms [4]. However, body shape and dental morphologies appear to have remained essentially conservative. By the later Viséan stage, tetrapods had begun to assume more varied body morphologies.
A fish and tetrapod fauna from Romer's Gap preserved in Scottish Tournaisian floodplain deposits
Here we describe the vertebrate fossil fauna from the Tournaisian‐age Ballagan Formation exposed on the beach at Burnmouth, Scotland. The fossils come from a 1 m stratigraphic interval. These new data, along with those from the Blue Beach locality (Anderson et al . 2015 ), are added to the dataset of Sallan & Coates ( 2010 ) to test their conclusions of a Devonian/Carboniferous faunal divide against new Tournaisian data.
A Tournaisian (earliest Carboniferous) conglomerate-preserved non-marine faunal assemblage and its environmental and sedimentological context
A conglomerate bed from the Tournaisian Ballagan Formation of Scotland preserves a rich array of vertebrate and other non-marine fossils providing an insight into the wider ecosystem and palaeoenvironment that existed during this pivotal stage of Earth history. It challenges hypotheses of a long-lasting post-extinction trough following the end-Devonian extinction event.
The Best Books on Evolution of the Earth
In what sense is the Earth, as distinct from life on it, evolving? Evolution is essentially change with time. We know of several distinct changes that took place over the first 500 million years of Earth history such as the formation of the atmosphere and the seas.
Devonian climate change, breathing, and the origin of the tetrapod stem group
Devonian climate change, breathing, and the origin of the tetrapod stem group
A Diverse Tetrapod Fauna at the Base of 'Romer's Gap'
The fin-to-limb transition has been receiving a great deal of study in recent years, driven by a number of important fossil discoveries. The detailed descriptions of the Upper Devonian taxa Acanthostega and Ichthyostega [1–10] have demonstrated that the earliest tetrapods possessed numerous surprising features, such as polydactylous zeugopods and indirect evidence for the retention of internal gills.
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