Jeong-ah Kim

Abstract Post-transcriptional diversification of RNA transcripts mediated by complex processing machinery, including DEAD-box ATPases, establishes and maintains cellular phenotypes. For example, DDX41 controls RNA splicing, innate immune signaling, and genome stability.

1 Introduction Orthohantavirus (family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) is a single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus with a tripartite genome [1]. The small (S), medium (M), and large (L) segments encode the nucleocapsid (N) protein, two surface glycoproteins (Gn and Gc), and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively. Orthohantavirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), with fatality rates ranging from 1% to 15% in Eurasia [2].