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Articles by Jerome Spitz
Cetaceans from low-latitude oceanic waters rely on mesopelagic prey
Abstract The mesopelagic zone increasingly attracts the interest of commercial fisheries due to its large fish abundance and the growing worldwide demand for food. Many mesopelagic species serve as an important food source for many top predators but the extent to which these predators rely on mesopelagic prey remain poorly understood, especially in oligotrophic open ocean ecosystems.
Long‐Term Changes in the Winter Diet of Common Dolphins Reflects Ecological Shifts and Bycatch Dynamics in the Bay of Biscay
1 Introduction Interactions between fisheries and marine megafauna, such as sharks, seabirds, and marine mammals, have long existed in all oceans (Crowder et al. 2008; Furness 2003; Lewison et al. 2004; Northridge 1991). These interactions can be indirect—through fishing-induced changes in prey abundance and size structure (Demaster et al. 2001; Goñi 1998; Heino et al. 2015; Hsieh et al.
Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes Evidence High Trophic Segregation Within a Meso‐ to Bathypelagic Micronektonic Invertebrate Community From Canyons in the North‐East Atlantic
1 Introduction Mesopelagic (200–1000 m depth) and bathypelagic (> 1000 m depth) zones are home to a wide variety of micronektonic organisms (i.e., organisms between 2 and 20 cm in length that actively swim against currents) including fish, crustaceans, cephalopod mollusks, and jellyfish. Although the ecological functioning of these deep-pelagic compartments is still poorly understood, they represent an increasingly growing area of research (Ramirez-Llodra et al. 2010; Webb et al.
Foraging habits of Northwest Atlantic hooded seals over the past 30 years: Future habitat suitability under global warming
1 INTRODUCTION The Arctic has experienced the most rapid warming on the planet, with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the region increasing three times faster than anywhere else in the world (Comiso & Hall, 2014). The onset of intense warming has led to changes in sea ice extent and thickness as well as changes in sea ice phenology (ice formation and melting dates) (Kovacs et al., 2011; Laidre et al., 2015) and a deepening of the thermocline (Pachauri et al., 2014).
Que sait-on sur les captures accidentelles de dauphins dans le golfe de Gascogne, et pourquoi est-il si difficile de les éviter ?
Les petits cétacés (marsouins et dauphins) ont longtemps été abattus comme concurrents directs de la pêche, ou capturés pour la consommation humaine dans le golfe de Gascogne, avant d’être légalement protégés en France à partir de 1970. Leur statut de protection a été renforcé à l’échelle européenne en 1992. Néanmoins, des mortalités importantes de dauphins dues aux activités humaines perdurent.
Action demanded after 1,100 dead dolphins wash up in France
This photo taken on Feb.6, 2019 and provided by the Observatoire Pelagis shows a scientist standing by a dead dolphin in Chatelaillon-les-Boucholeurs on the Atlantic coast, western France. France has been shaken into action after a record number of dead dolphins have washed up on the country’s Atlantic coast this year, many clearly victims of industrial fishing.
Record 1,100 dolphins wash up on French shores this year
This photo taken on Feb.6, 2019 and provided by the Observatoire Pelagis shows a scientist standing by a dead dolphin in Chatelaillon-les-Boucholeurs on the Atlantic coast, western France. France has been shaken into action after a record number of dead dolphins have washed up on the country’s Atlantic coast this year, many clearly victims of industrial fishing.
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