Ji Seung Jung

1 Introduction Intumescent cataracts are characterized by lens swelling due to intralenticular fluid absorption in both humans and dogs. They are frequently associated with systemic diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus (DM), which can induce changes in lens volume and increase lens thickness [1-3]. Eyes with intumescent cataract exhibit an increased anteroposterior lens thickness [4].

1 Introduction Phacoemulsification is among the most frequently performed ophthalmic procedures and is likely the most common intraocular surgery in veterinary medicine (Appel et al. 2006). The prevalence of cataract in dogs has markedly increased over the past four decades, affecting up to 16.8% of mixed-breed dogs aged 7–15 years and exceeding this rate in several purebred populations (Gelatt and MacKay 2005).

Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular and retinal neurologic disorder that occurs in patients with long-term diabetes. Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UCB-MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment because of its regenerative potential; however, its effectiveness is limited under hyperglycemic conditions, which results in the overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), leading to cellular senescence.