Jiaying Song

Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Get Access References Media Tables Share Abstract In clinical practice, patient safety is paramount, guided by the principle “first, do no harm.” For medical AI to become a core component of clinical care, safety cannot be determined by its performance or accuracy alone, but by whether or not it protects patients from harm.

1 Introduction Endocrine disorders refer to a group of conditions that disrupt the normal functioning of the endocrine system, including thyroid, pancreatic, and adrenal diseases. Thyroid diseases are particularly common and include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. These conditions present with diverse symptoms, such as weight loss, accelerated heart rate, anxiety, and exophthalmos (1).