Gut microbiota capable of metabolizing uric acid and purines may play a key role in reducing gout diagnoses, and although the findings from new retrospective and prospective studies suggest key roles in how such microbiota could be exploited, human interventional trials to date have been disappointing. Those were some of the messages from a session at the Gout Hyperuricemia and Crystal Associated Disease Network Annual Research Symposium (G-CAN) 2025 in Chicago.