John Jansen

Abstract Understanding when ice sheets first developed over the continents is essential for attributing ice volume to marine records of global sea-level change. We resolve a long-standing terrestrial–marine mismatch in the timing of the first Eurasian Ice Sheet (EIS) expansion by dating the earliest glaciogenic unit in northwest Europe, the Hattem Bed Complex (HBC).

Abstract Earthquakes and seismically-induced landslides accelerate carbon export from mountains by eroding hillslope soil carbon. However, a quantitative understanding of their net contribution to carbon cycling remains incomplete. Using the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake which generated the largest landslide volume in recent history, we quantify its carbon mass balance accounting for storage, loss, and transport within the ensuing sediment cascade.

In light of these disasters, we suggest current responses are not keeping pace with the increasing vulnerability of mountain communities. Global frameworks such as the Sendai Framework and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals still treat multi-hazards as coexisting individual events, rather than as cascading interactions6,7.