Jooin Lee

The overuse of fossil fuels is contributing to excessive greenhouse gas emissions, accelerating air pollution and global warming. In response to these environmental concerns, environmental regulations are getting tighter in many countries. Representatively, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in United States has established a Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard that mandates to achieve an average fuel economy of 23.2 mpg by 2025 [1], [2].

4. Results In this paper, the performance of an NLP-based ECMS was validated in a simulation environment by using Autonomie, a forward-looking simulation tool developed by Argonne. An HEV model (P2 powertrain) and an NLP-based EMS were connected in a Simulink environment, as shown in Figure 8. The FTP-75 driving cycle was used to carry out the simulation and verify the performance.