Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the acute changes in muscle thickness (i.e., muscle swelling; Experiment 1) and chronic responses (i.e., muscle hypertrophy; Experiment 2) along the elbow flexor length (biceps brachii and brachialis together) after the dumbbell curl (DC) versus the dumbbell row (DR) exercises. For Experiment 1, 16 trained men completed a training session (4 × 8-12RM).