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Articles by Julia Molnar
Musculoskeletal function of stem tetrapod limbs
Supporting Information Filename Description pala70049-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docxWord 2007 document , 19 KB Appendix S1. Supplementary results. pala70049-sup-0002-FigureS1-S8.pdfPDF document, 11.3 MB Figure S1. Muscle maps for all taxa. Figure S2. Model evaluation. Figure S3. Average and maximum normalized moment arms. Figure S4. Limits to osteological range of motion. Figure S5. Sensitivity analysis of normalization methods. Figure S6. Summed moment arms in forelimb and hindlimb of each taxon. Figure S7.
Multi‐method analysis for the three‐dimensional reconstruction of muscle fascicles from DiceCT datasets
1 INTRODUCTION The architectural configuration of skeletal muscle is the primary determinant of muscle performance (Dickinson & Hartstone-Rose, 2023). Muscle is a strongly hierarchical material, comprised internally of fascicles—bundles of intertwined muscle fibers that are themselves composed of serially arranged sarcomeres (Gans, 1982; Gans & Bock, 1965; Lieber & Ward, 2011).
Revisiting Old Questions With New Methods: The Effect of Embryonic Motility on Skull Development in the Domestic Chick
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description jmor21785-sup-0001-SI.zip1 MB Table 1. CT imaging parameters. Table 2. Landmark definitions for the skull. Table 3. Landmark definitions for the mandible. Data S1. Linear measurements as comma delimited values (csv) files. Data S2. Cranium coordinate data. Data S3. Mandible coordinate data. Data S4. R code for performing analyses in this study. References , and . 1991.
Jahr des (Ver-) Untersagens
Ich dachte ich sei „gut zu Fuß“ Julia Molnar · Follow 1 min read · -- Als ich nach Tirol kam, dachte ich eins, auf zum Berg, Schuhe an, das ist was Feins’. Doch hier schon das erste Kommunikationsmissgeschick. Der Tiroler sprach vom Berg und ich vom Hügel der die Ebene bricht. Nach oben war der Weg nicht so schwer, als Straße hat er ihn bezeichnet ohne den Verkehr.
How every cause needs an effect and vice versa… or not?!
In our everyday life cause and effect are omnipresent and in everything. This is not limited to a philosophical experiment. It is, in my humble opinion, the essence of life itself. What would anything be that doesn’t have a cause or an effect? Can you imagine something like this? Even right now, as you are reading this, this text is the effect of my thought process and my research on this topic. So your cause is my effect. My cause was my mindfulness practice.
What it takes? Relationship!
Personally, I envy those couples who look at each other and forget everything around them. I don’t know about you, but I have never experienced that. Just like I cannot understand those couples who cutely (and quite frankly also stupidly) grin at each other. So, was I never in love before? What does love even mean?
New York Tech
Pictured: Watanabe’s latest project, funded by an NSF CAREER grant, will use micro-CT scanning technology to model the evolution of bird brains and skulls over millions of years. micro-CT scanning uses x-ray imaging technology, similar to CAT scans used in hospitals, to make interior structures of objects and specimens visible at a microscopic level.
Evolutionary parallelisms of pectoral and pelvic network-anatomy from fins to limbs
Abstract Lobe-fins transformed into limbs during the Devonian period, facilitating the water-to-land transition in tetrapods. We traced the evolution of well-articulated skeletons across the fins-to-limbs transition, using a network-based approach to quantify and compare topological features of fins and limbs.
Faculty Profile: Julia Molnar
For Assistant Professor Julia Molnar, Ph.D., the road to biomedical sciences wasn’t an obvious one. The illustrator turned anatomist sat down with The Box to talk about her career journey and research on animal locomotion. You have an interesting background. Can you tell us about it? I grew up in Knoxville, Tenn., and my path to the biological sciences was non-traditional.
Evolution of hindlimb muscle anatomy across the tetrapod water‐to‐land transition, including comparisons with forelimb anatomy
Tetrapod limbs are a key innovation implicated in the evolutionary success of the clade. Although musculoskeletal evolution of the pectoral appendage across the fins‐to‐limbs transition is fairly well documented, that of the pelvic appendage is much less so. The skeletal elements of the pelvic appendage in some tetrapodomorph fish and the earliest tetrapods are relatively smaller and/or qualitatively less similar to those of crown tetrapods than those of the pectoral appendage.
First anatomical network analysis of fore- and hindlimb musculoskeletal modularity in bonobos, common chimpanzees, and humans
Primate limbs are morphologically diverse, and much of this variation in musculoskeletal anatomy correlates with locomotor function. For example, arboreal and terrestrial quadrupeds (e.g., cebids, cercopithecoids) have limbs that are about equal in length, while forelimb-dominated taxa such as gibbons and spider monkeys have relatively longer forelimbs1.
A Newly Discovered Difference Between Alligators and Crocodiles
How do you tell an alligator from a crocodile? And no, dad joke enthusiasts, the answer isn’t that you see one later and the other after a while. The most obvious way to discern the two reptiles is to stare down their sinister snouts. Alligators have U-shaped faces that are wide and short, while crocodiles have slender almost V-shaped muzzles. And if you’re daring enough, take a gander at their chompers. When an alligator closes its mouth, you tend to see only its upper teeth.
Morphological and functional changes in the vertebral column with increasing aquatic adaptation in crocodylomorphs
To function over a lifetime of use, materials and structures must be designed to have sufficient factors of safety to avoid failure. Vertebrates are generally built from materials having similar properties. Safety factors are most commonly calculated based on the ratio of a structure's failure stress to its peak operating stress.
Bonobo anatomy reveals stasis and mosaicism in chimpanzee evolution, and supports bonobos as the most appropriate extant model for the common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans | Scientific Reports
Among the 166 HN and FL muscle characters recognized in our earlier phylogenetic studies6, 7, there were 16 character state differences between common chimpanzees and modern humans (Figs 1 and 2; see SI).
Characteristic tetrapod musculoskeletal limb phenotype emerged more than 400 MYA in basal lobe-finned fishes
Our analysis reveals that the PELA and PECA of Latimeria and Ambystoma and the PELA of Neoceratodus share a very similar, complex configuration of homologous (between PECAs) and topologically corresponding (between PECAs and PELAs) muscles (Tables S5–S7; Figs 1, 2 and 3).
Fossil specimen reveals a new species of ancient river dolphin to Smithsonian scientists
The careful examination of fossil fragments from Panama has led Smithsonian scientists and colleagues to the discovery of a new genus and species of river dolphin that has been long extinct. The team named it Isthminia panamensis. The specimen not only revealed a new species to science, but also shed new light onto the evolution of today's freshwater river dolphin species. The team's research was published Sept. 1 in the scientific journal PeerJ.
Mastering R for Quantitative Finance
Use R to optimize your trading strategy and build up your own risk management system R is a powerful open source functional programming language that provides high level graphics and interfaces to other languages. Its strength lies in data analysis, graphics, visualization, and data manipulation. R is becoming a widely used modeling tool in science, engineering, and business. The book is organized as a step-by-step practical guide to using R.
Comparative architectural properties of limb muscles in Crocodylidae and Alligatoridae and their relevance to divergent use of asymmetrical gaits in extant Crocodylia - Allen - 2014 - Journal of Anatomy - Wiley Online Library
Crocodiles and their kin (Crocodylidae) use asymmetrical (bounding and galloping) gaits when moving rapidly. Despite being morphologically and ecologically similar, it seems alligators and their kin (Alligatoridae) do not.
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