Kaili Pan

1 Introduction Medical students face unique psychological challenges, including high rates of burnout (55–75%), anxiety (25–30%), and depression (15–20%) (Halperin et al., 2021; Harolds, 2021; Liu et al., 2023). These mental health issues are closely linked to academic pressure, clinical exposure to suffering, and the professional identity formation process (Jones et al., 2023; Mirza et al., 2021; Pokhrel et al., 2020).