The range of relationships between white and enslaved people was a story Melvin Patrick Ely needed to tell. While researching an earlier book, “Israel on the Appomattox,” about Black people in Prince Edward County who already had their freedom before the Civil War, Ely worked his way through thousands of county records held in the Library of Virginia. He recalls being struck by the great variety of interactions between white people and the many Black people who remained enslaved until 1865.