Katarzyna Gembara

Abstract Bacteriophages dominate the human gut virome, yet their presence in the bloodstream remains orders of magnitude lower, suggesting that systemic dissemination is tightly regulated. How gut phages cross the intestinal barrier and which factors govern their persistence in circulation remain poorly understood, largely because prior studies characterized gut and blood viromes independently rather than in matched samples from the same individuals.

Abstract Bacteriophages are a critical part of the human microbiome, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. While phage translocation beyond the gut is known, its regulation within phageomes and interaction with immune responses remain unclear. This study explores the taxonomic struc-ture of the phageome, lymphatic filtration, and phage-specific IgG induction as factors regulat-ing phage translocation from the gut to the bloodstream.

Abstract The microbiota plays a key role for human health, and microbiome composition has been linked to specific health disorders many times. Different fractions of the microbiome enter dynamic interactions, particularly bacteria and bacteriophages (phages) viruses preying on bacteria. Since the microbiome exists inside the human body, the body strongly affects the microbes, although not in a uniform way, but shaped by the extreme diversity of human genetic variants.