Kenneth Patrick Seastedt

Edited by ISBN 978-3-7258-7298-5 (Hardback) ISBN 978-3-7258-7299-2 (PDF) This is a Reprint of the Special Issue Advancements in Lung Cancer Surgical Treatment and Prognosis that was published in Summary Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, yet recent advances are reshaping its surgical and multidisciplinary management.

Research in context We used Google Scholar and PubMed search engines to do our review. We used keywords “Fairness”, “Shortcut learning”, “Machine learning in healthcare”, and “Medical image” to query the articles on Google Scholar. We used the following terms “(((disparity OR bias OR fairness OR shortcuts) AND (classification)) AND ((x-ray) OR (MRI))) AND (machine learning [MeSH Terms] OR deep learning [MeSH Terms])” on PubMed. We limited the articles to original research and English articles.