Editor’s summary Fibrates are cholesterol-lowering medications that activate PPARα to decrease elevated triglycerides and increase HDL. Clinical trials have reported mixed results, however, when it comes to fibrates’ ability to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Henry et al. report that although hepatocyte PPARα does have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, it is specifically its anti-inflammatory effect that improves atherosclerosis in the Ldlr−/− mouse model.
