kiun kim

Abstract Human somatosensation arises from one-dimensional (1D) nerve bundles that compactly transmit multimodal sensory signals along linear pathways, where proprioceptive and tactile receptors are intricately coordinated to enable precise perception and adaptive motor control. Inspired by this biological architecture, we develop a fiber-based artificial somatosensory system that reproduces such multimodal coordination within a single 1D structure.