Kiyoshi Hirano

1 INTRODUCTION Measuring the body weight (BW) of bovine herds out on pastureland involves searching for them, moving them to the enclosure, and then separating each animal and leading it onto the scale individually. This process is both time-consuming and labor-intensive for herders (Bailey et al., 2018; Heinrichs et al., 1992; Huricha, Kakihara, et al., 2024), and can also induce significant stress in the animals (Forkman et al., 2007; Wangchuk et al., 2018).