Koraljka Hat

1. Introduction Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) account for one-sixth of all human malignancies worldwide. They represent a major public health problem. Alcohol and tobacco abuse are among the main etiological factors [ 1 ]. However, a fraction of HNSCCs is related to human papillomavirus infections, especially among oropharyngeal and tonsil carcinomas [ 2 ]. Anoxia and necrosis are more common and severe in HNSCCs than in many other categories of human malignancies [ 3 , 4 ].

Abstract : Lacrimal gland dysfunction causes dry eye disease (DED) due to decreased tear production. Aqueous-deficient DED is more prevalent in women, suggesting that sexual dimorphism of the human lacrimal gland could be a potential cause. Sex steroid hormones are a key factor in the development of sexual dimorphism. This study aimed to quantify estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) expression in the human lacrimal gland and compare it between sexes.