L. Barnett

Introduction: Growing ACL injury incidence is reported for children aged 5-14-year-olds, yet research on injury risk reduction predominantly focuses on populations aged >13 years. For effective injury risk reduction, it is crucial to understand (i) which modifiable risk factors are associated with ACL injury in children (6-13 years) and (ii) how these risk factors are assessed. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA statement.

Abstract We introduce a notion of emergence for macroscopic variables associated with highly multivariate microscopic dynamical processes. Dynamical independence instantiates the intuition of an emergent macroscopic process as one possessing the characteristics of a dynamical system “in its own right,” with its own dynamical laws distinct from those of the underlying microscopic dynamics.

Abstract Osteoarthritis affects the morphological properties of the femoral head. The goal of this study was to develop a method to elucidate whether these changes are localised to discrete regions, or if the reported trends in microstructural changes may be identified throughout the subchondral bone of the human femoral head. Whole femoral heads extracted from osteoarthritic (n = 5) and healthy controls (n = 5) underwent microCT imaging 39 μm voxel size.