Lahouari Bounoua

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1. Introduction Morocco, an emerging country located in North-West Africa, has been experiencing a significant population shift towards large cities, similar to other developing nations. This trend accompanied by an urban sprawl was confirmed by the most recent population and habitat census conducted in 2014 [1]. The census findings reveal that urban expansion is primarily occurring in the outskirts of cities, leading to a substantial encroachment on natural lands.

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.