In recent years, the construction industry has emerged as a major contributor to CO2 emissions across various industries [1]. Approximately 0.94 tons of CO2 are released into the atmosphere for every ton of cement produced [2], accounting for about 7–8 % of total CO2 emissions [3]. The combination of concrete materials such as lightweight aggregates and CO2 mineralization technology have exhibited significant potential in achieving carbon emission reduction [4], [5].
