Lorna Cole

1 INTRODUCTION Tipula spp. larvae (leatherjackets) are common agricultural pests in Britain and Ireland (Blackshaw, 1983; Moffat et al., 2022). When occurring in high densities, their feeding on the roots and stems of crop plants can cause significant damage. In 1985 a monetary value for this damage in grasslands was estimated to be in the regions of £15 million per annum for Northern Ireland (Blackshaw, 1985), based on the cost of insecticide application and use of fertilizer.

Jennifer Garner may just be one of the most wholesome people on the planet—between her adorable Instagram presence, her obvious dedication to her kids and her ability to laugh at herself at every turn, it’s no wonder the woman has been able to weather many the public paparazzi storm. Jen’s quirky fun side hasn’t just developed since she joined IG in 2017 either.

Vanessa Hudgens has always been all about the details and you don’t have to look much farther than her Insta account to spot her hat obsession. Girl’s got a thing for accessorizing, be it structured straw hats, floppy sun hats, toques, dad-style baseball caps, fedoras or pretty much anything in between. It’s not only hats that she likes to decorate her head with either. Vanessa’s long been a fan of wearing headbands, flowers and even chainmail in her hair.