Madalitso Chelenga

Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Citation: Sitali MC, Chelenga M (2025) Modulation of sperm function by estrogen and progesterone using in vitro experiments: A systematic review. PLoS One 20(8): e0330009. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330009 Editor: Ayman A. Swelum, King Saud University / Zagazig University, EGYPT Received: April 29, 2025; Accepted: July 25, 2025; Published: August 11, 2025 Copyright: © 2025 Sitali, Chelenga.

Abstract After insemination, spermatozoa bind to epithelial cells of the isthmic part of the oviduct to form a functional sperm reservoir responsible for regulating sperm viability and capacitation before the ovulation signal that triggers its release. Understanding this information is essential to optimizing in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocols and contributing to the efforts to develop treatment for infertility resulting from fertilization failure.

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.