For the plasma exosome proteomic profile study, 10 patients, who were admitted to the ICU within the initial 24 h after HS from June 2019 to June 2021, were enrolled (four patients with mild HS and six with severe HS). The diagnosis of HS was made based on China’s Expert Consensus on Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment for Heat Stroke (2019), formulated by the Prevention and Treatment of Heat Stroke and Critical Care Committee of PLA of China (Qiu et al., 2021).
